Fertility information · Updated 29 October 2026

Sperm retrieval procedures in Mumbai

A report showing no sperm in semen needs a specialist assessment. It does not, by itself, tell you which treatment is suitable.

This guide explains the terms you may hear during a male-fertility discussion. At your consultation, clarify whether an andrologist or urologist needs to assess you, who would perform any procedure and where it would take place.

What is surgical sperm retrieval?

Surgical retrieval collects sperm from the epididymis or testicle. It may be considered for selected people with azoospermia, meaning no sperm is found in the ejaculate. The cause matters: a blockage and a problem with sperm production can require different approaches.

PESA, TESA, TESE and micro-TESE

• PESA: a needle collects fluid from the epididymis, where sperm is stored.
• TESA: a needle is used to collect material from the testicle.
• TESE: a small sample of testicular tissue is taken to look for sperm.
• Micro-TESE: an operating microscope helps the surgeon identify tissue that may contain sperm, particularly in selected sperm-production problems.

How retrieval connects with IVF and ICSI

Retrieved sperm is generally used with ICSI as part of an IVF treatment plan. Finding sperm does not guarantee fertilisation, pregnancy or a live birth. Suitability and the chance of retrieval depend on the underlying diagnosis.

For help organising previous results, read the fertility test reports and second-opinion checklist.

What to bring to a fertility consultation

Bring previous semen reports, relevant blood tests, operation notes and records of earlier fertility treatment. Write down your medicines and any questions you have about the results. Keep copies of both partners’ records together so that the conversation can cover the overall plan.

Questions before choosing a procedure

• What is the likely reason for the semen result, and which further investigations would change the plan?
• Why is this retrieval method being considered? What alternatives should we discuss?
• Who is the operating specialist, and what anaesthesia and recovery arrangements are planned?
• How will retrieval, the embryology laboratory and any egg collection be coordinated?
• What happens if no usable sperm is found? Is freezing appropriate in this case?
• What are the individual risks, including bleeding, infection and possible testosterone changes?
• Does the written estimate include the procedure, anaesthesia, laboratory work, storage and follow-up?

Plan the next step with clear information

Start with fertility evaluation rather than choosing a procedure from its name alone. Dr. Arnav Pai’s published profile lists training in reproductive medicine in Mumbai, Germany and Dubai. A consultation can help you understand your records and the questions to take to the relevant specialist.

Book a fertility consultation · Read Dr. Pai’s qualifications · Explore fertility and IVF care